In the previous post we discussed the existence and importance of the Greek dialect known as Koine (translated as “Common”). If you haven’t read that post, I encourage you to do so first, as it provides helpful context.
Today, I’d like to cover how the dialect came about. The seed of the dialect was planted through the conquests of Alexander the Great. The widespread use of Greek that followed set the stage for a common dialect to form – and form it did. Koine greek sprouted primarily from Attic Greek, the dialect of Athens, but was influenced by others as well, resulting in a unified tongue.
However, the Greek empire eventually broke apart and was later conquered by Rome. Koine survived thanks to Rome’s unique method of assimilating conquered states. Unlike many other powers, Rome adopted a policy of minimal interference. Because of this, they allowed the Biblical regions to retain their languages, including Koine, and did not force them to adopt Latin.
In summary, Koine Greek originated as a result of Alexander the Great’s conquests, stemming primarily from Attic Greek with influences from dialects. Koine then survived foreign conquest due to Rome’s minimal interference policy resulting in the common tongue proving helpful to the early Church.
-S. N. Adams
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